Modeling Animal Movement with Continuous-Time Discrete-Space Markov Chains

Software to facilitates taking movement data in xyt format and pairing it with raster covariates within a continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) framework. As described in Hanks et al. (2015) , this allows flexible modeling of movement in response to covariates (or covariate gradients) with model fitting possible within a Poisson GLM framework.

A LazyData Facility

Supplies a LazyData facility for packages which have data sets but do not provide LazyData: true. A single function is is included, requireData, which is a drop-in replacement for base::require, but carrying the additional functionality. By default, it suppresses package startup messages as well. See argument 'reallyQuitely'.

Doubly Robust Distribution Balancing Weighting Estimation

Implements the doubly robust distribution balancing weighting proposed by Katsumata (2024) , which improves the augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPW) by estimating propensity scores with estimating equations suitable for the pre-specified parameter of interest (e.g., the average treatment effects or the average treatment effects on the treated) and estimating outcome models with the estimated inverse probability weights. It also implements the covariate balancing propensity score proposed by Imai and Ratkovic (2014) and the entropy balancing weighting proposed by Hainmueller (2012) , both of which use covariate balancing conditions in propensity score estimation. The point estimate of the parameter of interest and its uncertainty as well as coefficients for propensity score estimation and outcome regression are produced using the M-estimation. The same functions can be used to estimate average outcomes in missing outcome cases.

Maximum Likelihood Shrinkage using Generalized Ridge or Least Angle Regression

Functions are provided to calculate and display ridge TRACE Diagnostics for a variety of alternative Shrinkage Paths. While all methods focus on Maximum Likelihood estimation of unknown true effects under normal distribution-theory, some estimates are modified to be Unbiased or to have "Correct Range" when estimating either [1] the noncentrality of the F-ratio for testing that true Beta coefficients are Zeros or [2] the "relative" MSE Risk (i.e. MSE divided by true sigma-square, where the "relative" variance of OLS is known.) The eff.ridge() function implements the "Efficient Shrinkage Path" introduced in Obenchain (2022) . This "p-Parameter" Shrinkage-Path always passes through the vector of regression coefficient estimates Most-Likely to achieve the overall Optimal Variance-Bias Trade-Off and is the shortest Path with this property. Functions eff.aug() and eff.biv() augment the calculations made by eff.ridge() to provide plots of the bivariate confidence ellipses corresponding to any of the p*(p-1) possible ordered pairs of shrunken regression coefficients. Functions for plotting TRACE Diagnostics now have more options.

A Multi-Process 'dplyr' Backend

Partition a data frame across multiple worker processes to provide simple multicore parallelism.

Data Analysis and Graphics Data and Functions

Functions and data sets used in examples and exercises in the text Maindonald, J.H. and Braun, W.J. (2003, 2007, 2010) "Data Analysis and Graphics Using R", and in an upcoming Maindonald, Braun, and Andrews text that builds on this earlier text.

Miscellaneous Functions for Working with 'stars' Rasters

Miscellaneous functions for working with 'stars' objects, mainly single-band rasters. Currently includes functions for: (1) focal filtering, (2) detrending of Digital Elevation Models, (3) calculating flow length, (4) calculating the Convergence Index, (5) calculating topographic aspect and topographic slope.

Fast Covariance Estimation for Sparse Functional Data

We implement the Fast Covariance Estimation for Sparse Functional Data paper published in Statistics and Computing .

Circular Analyses Helper Functions

Light-weight functions for computing descriptive statistics in different circular spaces (e.g., 2pi, 180, or 360 degrees), to handle angle-dependent biases, pad circular data, and more. Specifically aimed for psychologists and neuroscientists analyzing circular data. Basic methods are based on Jammalamadaka and SenGupta (2001) , removal of cardinal biases is based on the approach introduced in van Bergen, Ma, Pratte, & Jehee (2015) and Chetverikov and Jehee (2023) .

Nonparametric Preprocessing for Parametric Causal Inference

Selects matched samples of the original treated and control groups with similar covariate distributions -- can be used to match exactly on covariates, to match on propensity scores, or perform a variety of other matching procedures. The package also implements a series of recommendations offered in Ho, Imai, King, and Stuart (2007) . (The 'gurobi' package, which is not on CRAN, is optional and comes with an installation of the Gurobi Optimizer, available at < https://www.gurobi.com>.)