Unified Climate Indices for Temperature, Precipitation, and Drought

Compute the standard suite of climate indices from daily weather observations. Provides the canonical 'ETCCDI' 27 (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices), the 'ET-SCI' heatwave and cold-wave families plus the Excess Heat Factor of Nairn and Fawcett (2013), and agroclimatic, drought, and human-comfort families. Drought indices ('SPI', 'SPEI') accept a choice of distribution (gamma or Pearson III for SPI; log-logistic or generalised extreme value for SPEI). Reference evapotranspiration is available via Hargreaves and the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method (Allen et al. 1998). Percentile-based indices support the Zhang (2005) in-base bootstrap. Daily inputs are numeric vectors plus a 'Date' vector; outputs are tidy data frames. Optional gridded support via 'terra' applies any index over a 'SpatRaster' and reads 'netCDF' input. No external API calls; pairs with data packages such as 'readnoaa'. References: Alexander et al. (2006) ; Zhang et al. (2011) ; Zhang et al. (2005) .

Download and Tidy Australian Taxation Office Data

Fetch Australian Taxation Office (ATO) Taxation Statistics and related datasets via the data.gov.au Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network ('CKAN') API < https://data.gov.au/data/api/3/>. Provides tidy access to individual, company, superannuation, goods and services tax (GST), fringe benefits tax (FBT), Voluntary Tax Transparency Code (VTTC), Pay As You Go (PAYG) withholding, charity, excise, and Corporate Tax Transparency data, plus Petroleum Resource Rent Tax, Medicare Levy Surcharge, and fuel tax credit aggregates. Includes reproducibility helpers (snapshot pinning, SHA-256 cache integrity, session manifest, optional 'Zenodo' deposit), classification crosswalks (ANZSIC 2006 to 2020, ANZSCO 2013 to 2021), panel harmonisation, reconciliation against Final Budget Outcome totals, and real-terms and per-capita helpers backed by bundled Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Consumer Price Index and Estimated Resident Population series. Bridges to the 'taxstats' 2 per cent microdata sample via column-schema mapping. Data is published by the Australian Taxation Office under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia or 3.0 Australia licences (dataset-dependent).

Download Data from the 'Bank of England' Statistical Database

Provides functions to download and tidy statistical data published by the 'Bank of England' < https://www.bankofengland.co.uk>. Covers Bank Rate, 'SONIA', gilt yields, exchange rates, mortgage rates, mortgage approvals, consumer credit, and money supply. Series are fetched from the 'Bank of England Interactive Statistical Database' using its CSV endpoint. Data is cached locally between sessions.

Download and Tidy Australian Clean Energy Regulator Data

Fetch Australian Clean Energy Regulator data on carbon credits, safeguard mechanism facilities, renewable energy certificates, and greenhouse gas reporting. Provides tidy access to the Australian Carbon Credit Unit ('ACCU') Scheme project register, Safeguard Mechanism baselines and covered emissions, Large-scale Renewable Energy Target ('LRET') power station accreditations, Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme ('SRES') installation data, the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting ('NGER') scheme, and Quarterly Carbon Market Reports < https://cer.gov.au/markets/reports-and-data>. Includes a post-Chubb ACCU integrity layer (Chubb 2022 Independent Review), Safeguard reform handling (declining industry baselines from July 2023), National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting scope discipline (Scope 1 / Scope 2 market vs location / Climate Active), reconciliation against the Quarterly Carbon Market Report, and reproducibility helpers (snapshot pinning, SHA-256 cache integrity, session manifest, optional Zenodo deposit). Data is published by the Clean Energy Regulator under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.

Inequality Measurement, Decomposition, and Poverty Analysis

Tools for measuring income and wealth inequality. Computes the Gini coefficient with bootstrap or asymptotic confidence intervals following Davidson (2009) , the extended S-Gini family, Theil T and L indices (generalised entropy family), the Atkinson index, the Kolm absolute inequality index, Palma ratio, Hoover index, percentile ratios, and Lorenz curves. Supports between-within group decomposition following Bourguignon (1979) , income share tabulation, concentration indices for health inequality with Erreygers (2009) correction, Kakwani tax progressivity and Reynolds-Smolensky redistribution indices, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measures including the Sen index, growth incidence curves following Ravallion and Chen (2003) , and Wolfson polarisation. All functions accept optional survey weights and work with data from any source.

Yield Curve Fitting, Analysis, and Decomposition

Fits yield curves using Nelson-Siegel (1987) , Svensson (1994) , and cubic spline methods. Extracts forward rates, discount factors, and par rates from fitted curves. Computes duration and convexity risk measures. Computes Z-spread and key rate durations. Provides principal component decomposition following Litterman and Scheinkman (1991) , carry and roll-down analysis, and slope measures. All methods are pure computation with no external dependencies beyond base R; works with yield data from any source.

Access and Analyse UN Comtrade International Trade Data

Download and analyse international merchandise and services trade data from the United Nations Comtrade database < https://comtradeplus.un.org/>. Retrieve bilateral trade flows, compute trade analytics (revealed comparative advantage, trade concentration, trade balance), and convert between commodity classifications (Harmonised System 'HS', Standard International Trade Classification 'SITC', Broad Economic Categories 'BEC'). Covers 200+ reporter countries, 60+ years of goods trade data (1962-present), and services trade via Extended Balance of Payments Services ('EBOPS'). Works without registration for basic queries. A free Application Programming Interface ('API') key from < https://comtradedeveloper.un.org/> unlocks full access.

Download and Tidy 'HMRC' Statistical Data

Provides functions to download, parse, and tidy statistical data published by 'HM Revenue and Customs' ('HMRC') on 'GOV.UK'. Returns annotated 'hmrc_tbl' data frames with provenance metadata (source URL, fetch time, vintage, cell methods) for reproducible fiscal research. Covers monthly tax receipts (41 tax heads from 2008), 'VAT' (from 1973), fuel duties (from 1990), tobacco duties (from 1991), annual 'Corporation Tax' receipts, stamp duty, research and development tax credit statistics (from 2000), tax gap estimates, 'Income Tax' liabilities by income range, and monthly property transaction counts. File URLs are resolved at runtime via the 'GOV.UK' Content API < https://www.gov.uk/api/content>, so data is always current without hardcoded URLs. Files are cached locally between sessions.

Tests for Instrumental Variable Validity

Implements tests for the identifying assumptions of instrumental variable models, the local exclusion restriction and monotonicity conditions required for local average treatment effect identification. Covers Kitagawa (2015) , Mourifie and Wan (2017) , and Frandsen, Lefgren, and Leslie (2023) . Includes a one-shot wrapper that runs all applicable tests on a fitted instrumental variable model. Dispatches on 'fixest' and 'ivreg' model objects.

Debt Sustainability Analysis and Fiscal Risk Assessment

Analyses government debt sustainability using the standard debt dynamics framework from Blanchard (1990) and the IMF Debt Sustainability Analysis methodology (IMF, 2013) and the Sovereign Risk and Debt Sustainability Framework (IMF, 2022). Projects debt-to-GDP paths, decomposes historical debt changes into interest, growth, and primary balance contributions, and estimates fiscal reaction functions following Bohn (1998) . Produces stochastic fan charts via Monte Carlo simulation, standardised stress tests, and IMF- style heat map risk assessments. Computes S1/S2 sustainability gap indicators used by the European Commission. All methods are pure computation with no external dependencies beyond base R; works with fiscal data from any source.