Four-Step Biodiversity Analysis Based on 'iNEXT'

Expands 'iNEXT' to include the estimation of sample completeness and evenness. The package provides simple functions to perform the following four-step biodiversity analysis: STEP 1: Assessment of sample completeness profiles. STEP 2a: Analysis of size-based rarefaction and extrapolation sampling curves to determine whether the asymptotic diversity can be accurately estimated. STEP 2b: Comparison of the observed and the estimated asymptotic diversity profiles. STEP 3: Analysis of non-asymptotic coverage-based rarefaction and extrapolation sampling curves. STEP 4: Assessment of evenness profiles. The analyses in STEPs 2a, 2b and STEP 3 are mainly based on the previous 'iNEXT' package. Refer to the 'iNEXT' package for details. This package is mainly focusing on the computation for STEPs 1 and 4. See Chao et al. (2020) for statistical background.

R Interface to C API of GLPK

R Interface to C API of GLPK, depends on GLPK Version >= 4.42.

Tools for Developing R Packages Interfacing with 'Stan'

Provides various tools for developers of R packages interfacing with 'Stan' < https://mc-stan.org>, including functions to set up the required package structure, S3 generics and default methods to unify function naming across 'Stan'-based R packages, and vignettes with recommendations for developers.

Extreme Gradient Boosting

Extreme Gradient Boosting, which is an efficient implementation of the gradient boosting framework from Chen & Guestrin (2016) . This package is its R interface. The package includes efficient linear model solver and tree learning algorithms. The package can automatically do parallel computation on a single machine which could be more than 10 times faster than existing gradient boosting packages. It supports various objective functions, including regression, classification and ranking. The package is made to be extensible, so that users are also allowed to define their own objectives easily.

Tools for Working with Posterior Distributions

Provides useful tools for both users and developers of packages for fitting Bayesian models or working with output from Bayesian models. The primary goals of the package are to: (a) Efficiently convert between many different useful formats of draws (samples) from posterior or prior distributions. (b) Provide consistent methods for operations commonly performed on draws, for example, subsetting, binding, or mutating draws. (c) Provide various summaries of draws in convenient formats. (d) Provide lightweight implementations of state of the art posterior inference diagnostics. References: Vehtari et al. (2021) .

Image Processing Library Based on 'CImg'

Fast image processing for images in up to 4 dimensions (two spatial dimensions, one time/depth dimension, one colour dimension). Provides most traditional image processing tools (filtering, morphology, transformations, etc.) as well as various functions for easily analysing image data using R. The package wraps 'CImg', < http://cimg.eu>, a simple, modern C++ library for image processing.

Additional Univariate and Multivariate Distributions

Density, distribution function, quantile function and random generation for a number of univariate and multivariate distributions. This package implements the following distributions: Bernoulli, beta-binomial, beta-negative binomial, beta prime, Bhattacharjee, Birnbaum-Saunders, bivariate normal, bivariate Poisson, categorical, Dirichlet, Dirichlet-multinomial, discrete gamma, discrete Laplace, discrete normal, discrete uniform, discrete Weibull, Frechet, gamma-Poisson, generalized extreme value, Gompertz, generalized Pareto, Gumbel, half-Cauchy, half-normal, half-t, Huber density, inverse chi-squared, inverse-gamma, Kumaraswamy, Laplace, location-scale t, logarithmic, Lomax, multivariate hypergeometric, multinomial, negative hypergeometric, non-standard beta, normal mixture, Poisson mixture, Pareto, power, reparametrized beta, Rayleigh, shifted Gompertz, Skellam, slash, triangular, truncated binomial, truncated normal, truncated Poisson, Tukey lambda, Wald, zero-inflated binomial, zero-inflated negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson.

Random Sampling Distribution C++ Routines for Armadillo

Provides popular sampling distributions C++ routines based in armadillo through a header file approach.

Space-Filling Random and Quasi-Random Sequences

Generates random and quasi-random space-filling sequences. Supports the following sequences: 'Halton', 'Sobol', 'Owen'-scrambled 'Sobol', 'Owen'-scrambled 'Sobol' with errors distributed as blue noise, progressive jittered, progressive multi-jittered ('PMJ'), 'PMJ' with blue noise, 'PMJ02', and 'PMJ02' with blue noise. Includes a 'C++' 'API'. Methods derived from "Constructing Sobol sequences with better two-dimensional projections" (2012) S. Joe and F. Y. Kuo, "Progressive Multi-Jittered Sample Sequences" (2018) < https://graphics.pixar.com/library/ProgressiveMultiJitteredSampling/paper.pdf> Christensen, P., Kensler, A. and Kilpatrick, C., and "A Low-Discrepancy Sampler that Distributes Monte Carlo Errors as a Blue Noise in Screen Space" (2019) E. Heitz, B. Laurent, O. Victor, C. David and I. Jean-Claude, .

'C++' Headers for 'ggdmc' Package

A fast 'C++' implementation of the design-based, Diffusion Decision Model (DDM) and the Linear Ballistic Accumulation (LBA) model. It enables the user to optimise the choice response time model by connecting with the Differential Evolution Markov Chain Monte Carlo (DE-MCMC) sampler implemented in the 'ggdmc' package. The package fuses the hierarchical modelling, Bayesian inference, choice response time models and factorial designs, allowing users to build their own design-based models. For more information on the underlying models, see the works by Voss, Rothermund, and Voss (2004) , Ratcliff and McKoon (2008) , and Brown and Heathcote (2008) .