Performance Assessment of Binary Classifier with Visualization

Sensitivity (or recall or true positive rate), false positive rate, specificity, precision (or positive predictive value), negative predictive value, misclassification rate, accuracy, F-score- these are popular metrics for assessing performance of binary classifier for certain threshold. These metrics are calculated at certain threshold values. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a common tool for assessing overall diagnostic ability of the binary classifier. Unlike depending on a certain threshold, area under ROC curve (also known as AUC), is a summary statistic about how well a binary classifier performs overall for the classification task. ROCit package provides flexibility to easily evaluate threshold-bound metrics. Also, ROC curve, along with AUC, can be obtained using different methods, such as empirical, binormal and non-parametric. ROCit encompasses a wide variety of methods for constructing confidence interval of ROC curve and AUC. ROCit also features the option of constructing empirical gains table, which is a handy tool for direct marketing. The package offers options for commonly used visualization, such as, ROC curve, KS plot, lift plot. Along with in-built default graphics setting, there are rooms for manual tweak by providing the necessary values as function arguments. ROCit is a powerful tool offering a range of things, yet it is very easy to use.

Some Useful Functions for Statistics and Visualization

Offers a range of utilities and functions for everyday programming tasks. 1.Data Manipulation. Such as grouping and merging, column splitting, and character expansion. 2.File Handling. Read and convert files in popular formats. 3.Plotting Assistance. Helpful utilities for generating color palettes, validating color formats, and adding transparency. 4.Statistical Analysis. Includes functions for pairwise comparisons and multiple testing corrections, enabling perform statistical analyses with ease. 5.Graph Plotting, Provides efficient tools for creating doughnut plot and multi-layered doughnut plot; Venn diagrams, including traditional Venn diagrams, upset plots, and flower plots; Simplified functions for creating stacked bar plots, or a box plot with alphabets group for multiple comparison group.

Visualization via Beanplots (Like Boxplot/Stripchart/Violin Plot)

Plots univariate comparison graphs, an alternative to boxplot/stripchart/violin plot.

High Dimensional Data Visualization

It provides materials (i.e. 'serial axes' objects, Andrew's plot, various glyphs for scatter plot) to visualize high dimensional data.

Analysis and Visualization Likert Items

An approach to analyzing Likert response items, with an emphasis on visualizations. The stacked bar plot is the preferred method for presenting Likert results. Tabular results are also implemented along with density plots to assist researchers in determining whether Likert responses can be used quantitatively instead of qualitatively. See the likert(), summary.likert(), and plot.likert() functions to get started.

Visualizing Pedigrees with 'ggplot2' and 'plotly'

Provides plotting functions for visualizing pedigrees and family trees. The package complements a behavior genetics package 'BGmisc' [Garrison et al. (2024) ] by rendering pedigrees using the 'ggplot2' framework. Features include support for duplicated individuals, complex mating structures, integration with simulated pedigrees, and layout customization. Due to the impending deprecation of kinship2, version 1.0 incorporates the layout helper functions from kinship2. The pedigree alignment algorithms are adapted from 'kinship2' [Sinnwell et al. (2014) ]. We gratefully acknowledge the original authors: Jason Sinnwell, Terry Therneau, Daniel Schaid, and Elizabeth Atkinson for their foundational work.

Visualization using Graph Traversal

Improving graphics by ameliorating order effects, using Eulerian tours and Hamiltonian decompositions of graphs. References for the methods presented here are C.B. Hurley and R.W. Oldford (2010) and C.B. Hurley and R.W. Oldford (2011) .

Framework for Easy Statistical Modeling, Visualization, and Reporting

A meta-package that installs and loads a set of packages from 'easystats' ecosystem in a single step. This collection of packages provide a unifying and consistent framework for statistical modeling, visualization, and reporting. Additionally, it provides articles targeted at instructors for teaching 'easystats', and a dashboard targeted at new R users for easily conducting statistical analysis by accessing summary results, model fit indices, and visualizations with minimal programming.

Density Estimation and Visualization of 2D Scatter Plots

The user has the option to utilize the two-dimensional density estimation techniques called smoothed density published by Eilers and Goeman (2004) , and pareto density which was evaluated for univariate data by Thrun, Gehlert and Ultsch, 2020 . Moreover, it provides visualizations of the density estimation in the form of two-dimensional scatter plots in which the points are color-coded based on increasing density. Colors are defined by the one-dimensional clustering technique called 1D distribution cluster algorithm (DDCAL) published by Lux and Rinderle-Ma (2023) .

Credible Visualization for Two-Dimensional Projections of Data

Projections are common dimensionality reduction methods, which represent high-dimensional data in a two-dimensional space. However, when restricting the output space to two dimensions, which results in a two dimensional scatter plot (projection) of the data, low dimensional similarities do not represent high dimensional distances coercively [Thrun, 2018] . This could lead to a misleading interpretation of the underlying structures [Thrun, 2018]. By means of the 3D topographic map the generalized Umatrix is able to depict errors of these two-dimensional scatter plots. The package is derived from the book of Thrun, M.C.: "Projection Based Clustering through Self-Organization and Swarm Intelligence" (2018) and the main algorithm called simplified self-organizing map for dimensionality reduction methods is published in .